写在前面
经常在知乎和博客上看到使用Python(大多是turtle库)绘制的图形，进行实际操作，可行的与大家分享。
一、注意事项
注意：使用pycharm进行绘图，可能会有pycharm不能识别turtle问题？
解决方法：
1.找到turtle.py(pycharm中查找文件的快捷键是ctrl+shift+N);
对 turtle.py的源码进行如下修改(每个turtle.py文件都要修改)：
2.注释掉原来的_all___all__ = ['ScrolledCanvas', 'TurtleScreen', 'Screen', 'RawTurtle', 'Turtle', 'RawPen', 'Pen', 'Shape', 'Vec2D', 'back', 'backward', 'begin_fill', 'begin_poly', 'bk', 'addshape', 'bgcolor', 'bgpic', 'bye', 'clearscreen', 'colormode', 'delay', 'exitonclick', 'getcanvas', 'getshapes', 'listen', 'mainloop', 'mode', 'numinput','onkey', 'onkeypress', 'onkeyrelease', 'onscreenclick', 'ontimer', 'register_shape', 'resetscreen', 'screensize', 'setup', 'Terminator', 'setworldcoordinates', 'textinput', 'title', 'tracer', 'turtles','update', 'window_height', 'window_width', 'write_docstringdict', 'done', 'circle', 'clear', 'clearstamp', 'clearstamps', 'clone', 'color', 'degrees', 'distance', 'dot', 'down', 'end_fill', 'end_poly', 'fd','fillcolor', 'filling', 'forward', 'get_poly', 'getpen', 'getscreen', 'get_shapepoly', 'getturtle', 'goto','heading', 'hideturtle', 'home', 'ht', 'isdown', 'isvisible', 'left', 'lt', 'onclick', 'ondrag', 'onrelease','pd', 'pen', 'pencolor', 'pendown', 'pensize', 'penup', 'pos', 'position', 'pu', 'radians', 'right', 'reset', 'resizemode', 'rt', 'seth', 'setheading', 'setpos', 'setposition', 'settiltangle', 'setundobuffer', 'setx','sety', 'shape', 'shapesize', 'shapetransform', 'shearfactor', 'showturtle', 'speed', 'st', 'stamp', 'tilt','tiltangle', 'towards', 'turtlesize', 'undo', 'undobufferentries', 'up', 'width', 'write', 'xcor', 'ycor']
二、上图
1、玫瑰花
from turtle import *
import time
setup(1400,800,0,0) #宽，高、后面两个表示矩形窗口左上角顶点的位置，如果为空，窗口位于屏幕中心
speed(0) #【0-10】数值越大越快
penup() #把笔抬起来
seth(60) #轨迹运动方向,参数为角度(逆时针,以正东方向为0度)
fd(340) #直行340像素
seth(0)
pendown() #落下画笔
speed(5)
begin_fill() #开始填充
fillcolor('red') #设置填充颜色
circle(50,30) #画一个闭合的图，先画图然后再填充颜色
for i in range(10):
fd(1)
left(10) #海龟左转
circle(40,40)
for i in range(6):
fd(1)
left(3)
circle(80,40)
for i in range(20):
fd(0.5)
left(5)
circle(80,45)
for i in range(10):
fd(2)
left(1)
circle(80,25)
for i in range(20):
fd(1)
left(4)
circle(50,50)
time.sleep(0.1) #在最后加这个函数不会立即关闭窗口
circle(120,55)
speed(0)
seth(-90)
fd(70)
right(150)
fd(20)
left(140)
circle(140,90)
left(30)
circle(160,100)
left(130)
fd(25)
penup()
right(150)
circle(40,80)
pendown()
left(115)
fd(60)
penup()
left(180)
fd(60)
pendown()
end_fill()
right(120)
circle(-50,50)
circle(-20,90)
speed(1)
fd(75)
speed(0)
circle(90,110)
penup()
left(162)
fd(185)
left(170)
pendown()
circle(200,10)
circle(100,40)
circle(-52,115)
left(20)
circle(100,20)
circle(300,20)
speed(1)
fd(250)
penup()
speed(0)
left(180)
fd(250)
circle(-300,7)
right(80)
circle(200,5)
pendown()
left(60)
begin_fill()
fillcolor('green')
circle(-80,100)
right(90)
fd(10)
left(20)
circle(-63,127)
end_fill()
penup()
left(50)
fd(20)
left(180)
pendown()
circle(200,25)
penup()
right(150)
fd(180)
right(40)
pendown()
begin_fill()
fillcolor('green')
circle(-100,80)
right(150)
fd(10)
left(60)
circle(-80,98)
end_fill()
penup()
left(60)
fd(13)
left(180)
pendown()
speed(1)
circle(-200,23)
exitonclick()
2、动态樱花
import turtle as T
import random
import time
# 画樱花的躯干(60,t)
def Tree(branch, t):
time.sleep(0.0005)
if branch > 7:
if 8 <= branch <= 12:
if random.randint(0, 2) == 0:
t.color('snow') # 白
else:
t.color('lightcoral') # 淡珊瑚色
t.pensize(branch / 3)
elif branch < 8:
if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
t.color('snow')
else:
t.color('lightcoral') # 淡珊瑚色
t.pensize(branch / 2)
else:
t.color('sienna') # 赭(zhě)色
t.pensize(branch / 10) # 6
t.forward(branch)
a = 1.5 * random.random()
t.right(20 * a)
b = 1.5 * random.random()
Tree(branch - 10 * b, t)
t.left(40 * a)
Tree(branch - 10 * b, t)
t.right(20 * a)
t.up()
t.backward(branch)
t.down()
# 掉落的花瓣
def Petal(m, t):
for i in range(m):
a = 200 - 400 * random.random()
b = 10 - 20 * random.random()
t.up()
t.forward(b)
t.left(90)
t.forward(a)
t.down()
t.color('lightcoral') # 淡珊瑚色
t.circle(1)
t.up()
t.backward(a)
t.right(90)
t.backward(b)
# 绘图区域
t = T.Turtle()
# 画布大小
w = T.Screen()
t.hideturtle() # 隐藏画笔
t.getscreen().tracer(5, 0)
w.screensize(bg='wheat') # wheat小麦
t.left(90)
t.up()
t.backward(150)
t.down()
t.color('sienna')
# 画樱花的躯干
Tree(60, t)
# 掉落的花瓣
Petal(200, t)
w.exitonclick()
3、有飘落效果的樱花
from turtle import *
from random import *
from math import *
def tree(n,l):
pd()#下笔
#阴影效果
t = cos(radians(heading()+45))/8+0.25
pencolor(t,t,t)
pensize(n/3)
forward(l)#画树枝
if n>0:
b = random()*15+10 #右分支偏转角度
c = random()*15+10 #左分支偏转角度
d = l*(random()*0.25+0.7) #下一个分支的长度
#右转一定角度,画右分支
right(b)
tree(n-1,d)
#左转一定角度，画左分支
left(b+c)
tree(n-1,d)
#转回来
right(c)
else:
#画叶子
right(90)
n=cos(radians(heading()-45))/4+0.5
pencolor(n,n*0.8,n*0.8)
circle(3)
left(90)
#添加0.3倍的飘落叶子
if(random()>0.7):
pu()
#飘落
t = heading()
an = -40 +random()*40
setheading(an)
dis = int(800*random()*0.5 + 400*random()*0.3 + 200*random()*0.2)
forward(dis)
setheading(t)
#画叶子
pd()
right(90)
n = cos(radians(heading()-45))/4+0.5
pencolor(n*0.5+0.5,0.4+n*0.4,0.4+n*0.4)
circle(2)
left(90)
pu()
#返回
t=heading()
setheading(an)
backward(dis)
setheading(t)
pu()
backward(l)#退回
bgcolor(0.5,0.5,0.5)#背景色
ht()#隐藏turtle
speed(0)#速度 1-10渐进，0 最快
tracer(0,0)
pu()#抬笔
backward(100)
left(90)#左转90度
pu()#抬笔
backward(300)#后退300
tree(12,100)#递归7层
done()
4、暗色效果樱花
from turtle import *
from random import *
from math import *
def tree(n, l):
pd()
t = cos(radians(heading() + 45)) / 8 + 0.25
pencolor(t, t, t)
pensize(n / 4)
forward(l)
if n > 0:
b = random() * 15 + 10
c = random() * 15 + 10
d = l * (random() * 0.35 + 0.6)
right(b)
tree(n - 1, d)
left(b + c)
tree(n - 1, d)
right(c)
else:
right(90)
n = cos(radians(heading() - 45)) / 4 + 0.5
pencolor(n, n, n)
circle(2)
left(90)
pu()
backward(l)
bgcolor(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
ht()
speed(0)
tracer(0, 0)
left(90)
pu()
backward(300)
tree(13, 100)
done()
5、动态生成圣诞树
from turtle import *
import random
import time
n = 100.0
speed("fastest")
screensize(bg='seashell')
left(90)
forward(3*n)
color("orange", "yellow")
begin_fill()
left(126)
for i in range(5):
forward(n/5)
right(144)
forward(n/5)
left(72)
end_fill()
right(126)
color("dark green")
backward(n*4.8)
def tree(d, s):
if d <= 0: return
forward(s)
tree(d-1, s*.8)
right(120)
tree(d-3, s*.5)
right(120)
tree(d-3, s*.5)
right(120)
backward(s)
tree(15, n)
backward(n/2)
for i in range(200):
a = 200 - 400 * random.random()
b = 10 - 20 * random.random()
up()
forward(b)
left(90)
forward(a)
down()
if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
color('tomato')
else:
color('wheat')
circle(2)
up()
backward(a)
right(90)
backward(b)
time.sleep(60)
参考：博客园
持续更新中......