Hbase Quick Start ：[url]http://hbase.apache.org/book.html#quickstart[/url]
[quote]2.2.1. Standalone HBase
This is the default mode. Standalone mode is what is described in the Section 1.2, “Quick Start” section. In standalone mode, HBase does not use HDFS -- it uses the local filesystem instead -- and it runs all HBase daemons and a local ZooKeeper all up in the same JVM. Zookeeper binds to a well known port so clients may talk to HBase.[/quote]
简言之：
Standalone 模式下是不需要hadoop的。

So,我将自己的安装过程祥诉一下：
JDK使用的是jdk1.6.0_34.
修改conf/hbase-site.xml,


没动这个文件hbase-env.sh

然后就照官方文档 ./bin/start-hbase.sh 一切正常。
End :arrow:

PS.
在另外一台机器上安装过程中出现class not found Exception: with
研究了很久，都没找到原因。后来换了一台机器，按照上面的安装路线，一切正常。