关键函数 int WSARecv(
SOCKET s,// 当然是投递这个操作的套接字
LPWSABUF lpBuffers, // 接收缓冲区,与Recv函数不同
// 这里需要一个由WSABUF结构构成的数组
DWORD dwBufferCount, // 数组中WSABUF结构的数量
LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesRecvd, // 如果接收操作立即完成,这里会返回函数调用所接收到的字节数
LPDWORD lpFlags,// 一个指向标志位的指针
LPWSAOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped,// “绑定”的重叠结构
LPWSAOVERLAPPED_COMPLETION_ROUTINE lpCompletionRoutine// 完成例程中将会用到的参数
);
返回值:
WSA_IO_PENDING : 最常见的返回值,这是说明我们的WSARecv操作成功了,但是I/O操作还没有完成,所以我们就需要绑定一个事件来通知我们操作何时完成
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define PORT 5150
#define MSGSIZE 1024
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
typedef struct
{
WSAOVERLAPPED overlap;
WSABUF Buffer;
char szMessage[MSGSIZE];
DWORD NumberOfBytesRecvd;
DWORD Flags; //完成状态的附加标志位
}PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA, *LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA; //重叠结构,用于接收通知时获取数据。
int g_iTotalConn = 0;
SOCKET g_CliSocketArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS]; //
WSAEVENT g_CliEventArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS];
LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA g_pPerIODataArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS];
DWORD WINAPI WorkerThread(LPVOID);
void Cleanup(int);
int main()
{
WSADATA wsaData;
SOCKET sListen, sClient;
SOCKADDR_IN local, client;
DWORD dwThreadId;
int iaddrSize = sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN);
// Initialize Windows Socket library
WSAStartup(0x0202, &wsaData);
// Create listening socket
sListen = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
// Bind
local.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
local.sin_family = AF_INET;
local.sin_port = htons(PORT);
bind(sListen, (struct sockaddr *)&local, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
// Listen
listen(sListen, 3);
// Create worker thread
CreateThread(NULL, 0, WorkerThread, NULL, 0, &dwThreadId);
while (TRUE)
{
// Accept a connection
sClient = accept(sListen, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &iaddrSize);
printf("Accepted client:%s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr), ntohs(client.sin_port));
g_CliSocketArr[g_iTotalConn] = sClient;
// Allocate a PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA structure
g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn] = (LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA)HeapAlloc(
GetProcessHeap(),
HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,
sizeof(PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA));
g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Buffer.len = MSGSIZE; //接收缓冲长度
g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Buffer.buf = g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->szMessage; //接收缓冲区域
//创建接收数据事件,绑定该socket
g_CliEventArr[g_iTotalConn] = g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->overlap.hEvent = WSACreateEvent();
// 异步该socket接收数据,即立刻返回,等待事件信号状态。
WSARecv(
g_CliSocketArr[g_iTotalConn],
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Buffer,
1,
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->NumberOfBytesRecvd,
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Flags,
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->overlap,
NULL);
g_iTotalConn++; //连接数加1
}
closesocket(sListen);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI WorkerThread(LPVOID lpParam)
{
int ret, index;
DWORD cbTransferred;
while (TRUE)
{
ret = WSAWaitForMultipleEvents(g_iTotalConn, g_CliEventArr, FALSE, 1000, FALSE); //等待事件信号,1s超时
if (ret == WSA_WAIT_FAILED || ret == WSA_WAIT_TIMEOUT)
{
continue;
}
index = ret - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0; //取信号事件的索引号
WSAResetEvent(g_CliEventArr[index]); //将事件重置
WSAGetOverlappedResult( //返回指定套接口上一个重叠操作的结果。
g_CliSocketArr[index], //调用重叠操作时socket
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->overlap, //指向调用重叠操作时指定的WSAOVERLAPPED结构
&cbTransferred, //接收实际数据长度
TRUE, //指定函数是否等待挂起的重叠操作结束
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Flags); //该变量存放完成状态的附加标志位
if (cbTransferred == 0) //接收为数据长度为0,表示socket已经被关闭
{
// The connection was closed by client
Cleanup(index);
}
else
{
// g_pPerIODataArr[index]->szMessage contains the received data
g_pPerIODataArr[index]->szMessage[cbTransferred] = '\0'; //在数据末尾加结束符
send(g_CliSocketArr[index], g_pPerIODataArr[index]->szMessage,\
cbTransferred, 0); //原样返回
// Launch another asynchronous operation
WSARecv(
g_CliSocketArr[index],
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->Buffer,
1,
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->NumberOfBytesRecvd,
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->Flags,
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->overlap,
NULL);
}
}
return 0;
}
void Cleanup(int index)
{
closesocket(g_CliSocketArr[index]);
WSACloseEvent(g_CliEventArr[index]);
HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, g_pPerIODataArr[index]);
if (index < g_iTotalConn - 1)
{
g_CliSocketArr[index] = g_CliSocketArr[g_iTotalConn - 1];
g_CliEventArr[index] = g_CliEventArr[g_iTotalConn - 1];
g_pPerIODataArr[index] = g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn - 1];
}
g_pPerIODataArr[--g_iTotalConn] = NULL;
}
这只是一个简单的模型,我们还可以改进,如accept 不能无限接受连接,最大支持64,另外,套接字绑定的事件数组可以分优先级。 这个模型与上述其他模型不同的是它使用Winsock2提供的异步I/O函数WSARecv。
a) 在调用WSARecv时,指定一个WSAOVERLAPPED结构,这个调用不是阻塞的,也就是说,它会立刻返回。一旦有数据到达的时候,被指定的WSAOVERLAPPED结构中的hEvent被Signaled。由于下面这个语句 g_CliEventArr[g_iTotalConn] =g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->overlap.hEvent;使得与该套接字相关联的WSAEVENT对象也被Signaled,所以WSAWaitForMultipleEvents的调用操作成功返回。
b) 我们现在应该做的就是用与调用WSARecv相同的WSAOVERLAPPED结构为参数调用WSAGetOverlappedResult,从而得到本次I/O传送的字节数等相关信息。
c) 在取得接收的数据后,把数据原封不动的发送到客户端,然后重新激活一个WSARecv异步操作;
如果本次收到数据为0,则表示该套接字的客户端主动关闭了,将该套接字从套接字集中清除,把最后一个套接字顶替到关闭的套接字位置。