弹性碰撞是物理学中的一个概念,也是web开发中的一个经常用到的效果。在html代码中,我们可以通过使用canvas元素和Javascript代码来实现这一效果。
下面是实现弹性碰撞的html代码,其中使用了pre标签来展示Javascript代码:
首先,我们需要在html中添加一个canvas元素,用于绘制小球和墙体:
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="500" height="500"></canvas>
接下来,我们创建一个Javascript函数来初始化小球和墙体的信息,并且添加动画效果:
<script> var canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas"); var context = canvas.getContext("2d"); var x = canvas.width / 2; var y = canvas.height - 30; var dx = 2; var dy = -2; var ballRadius = 10; var ballColor = "red"; var paddleHeight = 10; var paddleWidth = 75; var paddleX = (canvas.width - paddleWidth) / 2; var rightPressed = false; var leftPressed = false; function drawBall() { context.beginPath(); context.arc(x, y, ballRadius, 0, Math.PI * 2); context.fillStyle = ballColor; context.fill(); context.closePath(); } function drawPaddle() { context.beginPath(); context.rect(paddleX, canvas.height - paddleHeight, paddleWidth, paddleHeight); context.fillStyle = "#0095DD"; context.fill(); context.closePath(); } function draw() { context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); drawBall(); drawPaddle(); if(x + dx > canvas.width - ballRadius || x + dx < ballRadius) { dx = -dx; } if(y + dy < ballRadius) { dy = -dy; } else if(y + dy > canvas.height - ballRadius) { if(x > paddleX && x < paddleX + paddleWidth) { dy = -dy; } else { alert("GAME OVER"); document.location.reload(); } } if(rightPressed && paddleX < canvas.width - paddleWidth) { paddleX += 7; } else if(leftPressed && paddleX > 0) { paddleX -= 7; } x += dx; y += dy; } document.addEventListener("keydown", keyDownHandler, false); document.addEventListener("keyup", keyUpHandler, false); document.addEventListener("mousemove", mouseMoveHandler, false); function keyDownHandler(e) { if(e.key == "Right" || e.key == "ArrowRight") { rightPressed = true; } else if(e.key == "Left" || e.key == "ArrowLeft") { leftPressed = true; } } function keyUpHandler(e) { if(e.key == "Right" || e.key == "ArrowRight") { rightPressed = false; } else if(e.key == "Left" || e.key == "ArrowLeft") { leftPressed = false; } } function mouseMoveHandler(e) { var relativeX = e.clientX - canvas.offsetLeft; if(relativeX > 0 && relativeX < canvas.width) { paddleX = relativeX - paddleWidth/2; } } setInterval(draw, 10); </script>
在这个代码中,我们使用了canvas的API来绘制小球和墙体,并且使用了Javascript的事件监听器来控制墙体的移动。在小球与墙体发生碰撞时,我们通过改变小球的速度方向来实现弹性碰撞。
以上就是使用html和Javascript实现弹性碰撞的代码。可以在浏览器中运行这段代码,通过操作键盘或鼠标来控制墙体的移动,并且观察小球与墙体的碰撞效果。